the qur’an and the other doctrines and cultures (part two)

this article is the translation of another part of ayatollah ma’rifat’s writing in response to the misconception of the orientalists that “the old and the new testaments” have been the reference source of the qur’an and the qur’anic knowledge and content are adopted from these two scripture. making a comparison between the qur’an and the old and the new testaments in knowledge and doctrine, the author asserts that the qur’an can never have been adopted from the torah and the gospel, as it undoubtedly has originated from a direct divine revelation. in this relation, following topics have been comparatively reviewed: description of god, the status of man, and the rank and station of the prophets from the viewpoints of the qur’an, the torah, and the gospel. in respect to the latter topic, such issues as accusation of lying against abraham, details of the deluge and the expanse, limits, and the type of this deluge (flood) are examined on the basis of some early sources.